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KMID : 0903619990400010099
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1999 Volume.40 No. 1 p.99 ~ p.106
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Top Growth , Flowering , Cold Hardiness , and Aphids Resistance of Hibiscus syriacus Cultivars
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Abstract
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This study was carried out to clarify growth and morphological characteristics of 162 Hibiscus syriacus L. cultivars, which were planted at the same site. The average of tree form index (tree height/crown width) of 162 cultivars was marked 2.00; tree form index varied from 0.91 to 3.90. Tree form of them could be grouped into three types; 25 cultivars (15.3%) in wide type (less than or equal to 1.5), 111 cultivars (68.52%) in middle type, and 26 cultivars (15.3%) in narrow type(more than or equal to 2.5). Flowers remained open for 10-12 h in 34 cultivars which were mainly single flower type, for 13-18 h in 78 cultivars, for 19-24 h in five cultivars including ´Shimsan´, ´Uojung´, ´Paekjo´, for 31-36 h in 4 cultivars, for 37-42 h in 29 cultivars with semi-double or double flower type, and for 43-48 h in 12 cultivars with almost double flower type. Flowers started to bloom from June to July 10 in 3 cultivars of ´Fujimusme´, ´Hamabo´, and ´Mujigae´, from July 11 to July 15 in 30 cultivars, and from July 16 to July 29 in 129 cultivars. Most flowers fell from September 20 to October 24. Flowers bloomed for less than 70 days in 26 cultivars, for 70-79 days in 75 cultivars, for 80-89 days in 28 cultivars, for 90-99 days in 24 cultivars, and for more than 100 days in 9 cultivars such as ´Wonhwa´, ´Uojung´, ´Nanpa´, ´Suminokura , ´Paekjo´, ´Paedal´, ´Hamabo´, ´Mujigae´, and ´Sowol´. The aphids occurrence of young leaves can be divided into four groups; absent in 29 cultivars (17.9%), slight occurrence in 118 cultivars (72.8%), medium occurrence in 9 cultivars (5.6%), and heavy occurrence in 6 cultivars (3.7%). Aphids occurrence in mature leaves of almost cultivars could be divided into two groups; slight occurrence (80.9%) and occurrence (19.1%). On the other hand, the cold hardiness could be divided into four groups; no injury in 17 cultivars (10.5%), slight injury in 62 cultivars (38.9%), heavy injury in 49 cultivars (29.6%), and very heavy injury in 34 cultivars (21.0%). Especially, cultivars selected in Youncheon, Kyonggi-do seemed to have strong cold hardiness, whereas most cultivars introduced from Japan were not cold hardy species.
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